LASER - Vaporizes the material leaving a flat bottom valley that can reveal a second layer of color or can be filled with a color. With metals, the LASER turns the metal a different color with the help of a chemical treatment.

Burnishing - A spinning bit grinds the surface of the material removing a colored coating or a clear coating, the burnishing can be chemically darkened using an acid etch.

Cutting - A spinning bit cuts a V groove, U groove or flat bottom into the material similar to the LASER method. The groove can be chemically darkened using an acid etch or can be colored with paint.

Drag - A dimond bit is dragged across the surface of the material to plow a V groom with slightly raised edges. The groove can be chemically darkened using an acid etch.